the bitter end

The phrase "the bitter end" usually refers to the final or ultimate stage of something, which is often unpleasant, difficult, or negative in nature. It can imply a situation or outcome that is relentless, without any hope, or where there is no resolution or compromise possible. The term originated from nautical jargon, where it originally described the end of a rope or chain that was secured to a ship. When the "bitter end" was reached, it meant that the rope or chain was completely extended with no further length or slack available. Over time, the phrase took on a metaphorical meaning beyond its nautical origins.